Welcome to our C language tutorial! This guide is designed for both beginners and professionals to learn and understand the basics of C programming. Our tutorial explains each topic with programs, making it easy for you to grasp the concepts.
What is C Language?
C language is a general-purpose, high-level programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in the 1970s. It was initially designed for creating system applications that directly interact with hardware devices such as drivers and kernels.
Why Learn C Language?
C programming is considered the base for other programming languages, making it a fundamental language to learn. Many programming languages such as C++, Java, and C# follow C syntax. Additionally, it provides core concepts like arrays, strings, functions, file handling, etc. that are being used in many languages.
Characteristics of C Language:
C as a Mother Language: C language is considered as the mother language of all modern programming languages because most compilers, JVMs, kernels, etc. are written in C language.
C as a System Programming Language: C language is a system programming language that is used to create system software. It is generally used to create hardware devices, OS, drivers, kernels, etc.
C as a Procedural Language: C language is a procedural language that specifies a series of steps for the program to solve the problem. In C, variables and function prototypes must be declared before being used.
C as a Structured Programming Language: C language is a structured programming language that breaks the program into parts or blocks so that it may be easy to understand. In C, we break the program into parts using functions, making it easier to understand and modify.
C as a Mid-level Programming Language: C language is a middle-level language that supports the features of both low-level and high-level languages. C language program is converted into assembly code, it supports pointer arithmetic (low-level), but it is machine independent (a feature of high-level).
C Program Example:
Let's take a look at a simple C program example:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello C Programming\n");
return 0;
}
In this program, we are using the standard input/output header file "stdio.h". The main() function is the entry point of the program, and it outputs the message "Hello C Programming" on the screen using the printf() function. Finally, the return statement ends the program with a value of 0.
Conclusion:
In this chapter, we introduced you to the basics of C programming language. We discussed the characteristics of C language, including its role as a mother language, system programming language, procedural language, structured programming language, and mid-level programming language. We also provided an example of a simple C program. In the next chapter, we will dive deeper into C syntax and programming concepts.
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